In this era of social communication, face recognition becomes the powerful and yet the most challenging task. Human face recognition can help in various trending technologies like face alignment, sentiment analysis. FR is widely used in credit card verification, biometrics, and facial identification for authorization. One of the FR applications is facing alignment used by big organization and some apps provide facial filters for entertainment purposes etc. Facial expression recognition (FER) helps in non- verbal communication. In this survey, this paper describes some techniques used for the same and explains how face recognition techniques, face alignment and sentiment analysis can be done. .Keyword- face expressing recognition- FER, face recognition- FR, Machine learning algorithms, facial features, recognition, CNN I.

This paper presents a project for converting an electric public transport bus into a hybrid bus. It begins with an overview of design solutions for electric and hybrid drives. Next, traction calculations for the electric bus are presented. Based on the traction calculations, the parameters that the new hybrid drive system will have to meet will be determined. The drive system (engine and gearbox) for the hybrid bus was selected. A design solution was proposed, along with a theoretical presentation of the control system for the new hybrid bus drive system. Finally, a summary and conclusions are provided, along with possible future directions for solutions regarding the conversion.

In India, the majority of people prefer rail transportation for short distances (i.e., within a city) and long distances (i.e., from one state to another). India has the fourth-largest railway network in the world, with a total length of 92,952 kilometres. A triple-train accident occurred on June 03, 2023 in India. In this dreadful accident, two superfast express trains bogies and a freight trains wagons collided. Nearly 290 passengers were declared dead, while about 1300 suffered severe injuries. In this context, the paper critically examines the Indian railway signalling and interlocking operating system and identifies the possible reasons for the train accident. It analyses how the train accident could have been avoided if signal and telecommunication engineers had incorporated their professional codes of ethics into their decision-making and actions. It analyses the safety and reliability conditions of railway transportation. In the end, the paper suggests important technological measures and ethical guidelines to prevent future train accidents and thereby safeguard passengers lives.

(GOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), have gained considerable attention as functional food and feed ingredients due to their ability to selectively modulate the gut microbiota, enhance immune function, and promote host health. Produced enzymatically from readily available disaccharides (lactose and sucrose), these compounds offer significant commercial potential in infant nutrition, functional foods, and antibiotic-free animal production. However, their industrial-scale application remains limited by low enzymatic yields (typically 2535%), strong product inhibition by monosaccharides, and high downstream purification costs. This review comprehensively examines the definition, health benefits, and market position of GOS and FOS, with special emphasis on the kinetic limitations of their enzymatic synthesis. Particular attention is given to integrated bioprocess strategies, including enzymatic membrane bioreactors, immobilized enzymes, and selective membrane separation technologies, which aim to reduce product inhibition and improve oligosaccharide yield and productivity. Recent advances in membrane- assisted systems have shown promising results in shifting the reaction equilibrium toward higher GOS and FOS formation. The review also discusses the role of prebiotics as sustainable alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in poultry nutrition and analyzes the technological and economic barriers to large-scale production. In conclusion, the development of efficient, continuous, and integrated production platforms is essential to unlock the full potential of GOS and FOS. A holistic bioprocess engineering approach combining enzyme optimization, reactor design, and advanced separation technologies will be critical for meeting growing market demand and advancing sustainable nutrition solutions.

Consumer Procurement Behaviour is one of the most popular academic subjects in industry of transaction analytics for understanding customer buying trends. Which of these will eventually aid in improving the businesses' remunerations and delivering a higher rate of development? In today's environment, commerce is no longer restricted to simple promotional tools and approaches. Nonetheless, it delves into the realms of comprehending the depths of its clients and precisely predicting their needs. Trying to anticipate their next action. The organisation in charge of global market trends is the one that can foresee with more precision, and they assemble their motions with a more practical grasp. One of the most desirable is to swiftly assess the impact of these suggestions is amplified via e-marketing. The study will examine the various e-marketing tools and methods, as well as how client buying behaviour influences them. Primary and secondary data, as well as studies such as factor analysis, are used in the investigation. To equate its correctness, analysis, correlation, and other methods have been used. The epidemic has been included into the story, and the investigation's distinctiveness stems from the fact that it offers advice for improving business strategies, especially for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises. As a consequence, this article adds to a better understanding of behavioural patterns in the field of E-marketing.

All parties involved in doing business over the internet must now account for the trend of impulse buys made via digital channels. The availability of internet-enabled devices has led to increased access to many product categories, which has contributed to the rise of impulsive online impulse purchases. When you make a purchase on the spur of the moment, you don't stop to think about the consequences. This study aims to better understand impulse buying on the internet and to discover the factors that contribute to this kind of shopping behavior. Some of them are cost, selection, variety, hedonism, adventure, marketing, ease of use on the web, novelty, and social acceptability. Data collected from online consumers is analyzed statistically to determine the impact of various demographic features on the identified variables impacting impulsive purchase. Online shoppers have provided this information.

Vegetable Market Vendors in Tirupur are mostly deprived people of the self employed workers. The study explains that the market vendors borrow money from local lenders with high rate of interest for their daily business activities. From this small business vendors are making savings money into different areas. Apart from that they have spend money to children’s education, medical expenditure and other day to day family expenses. Here vendors’ men and women both are taking decisions independently to do the business activities. The working hours have been long in daily business. Further the safety and security are not guarantee from the local authorities and from Governments. The vendors expecting very good infrastructure facility inside the market to earn good profit. If good earnings come it create more savings and change their lifestyle.

This paper studies the representation of Yoruba tradition in the poetry collection Songs of the Market Place by Niyi Osundare. It examines how the poet’s deployment of proverbial lore and folksongs in his poetry. As the oral traditional performance, his poetry employs rich Yoruba and literary devices such as the usage of repetitions in such a way that Osundare’s poetic style is unique. Osundare’s poetic style is infused with experimentation in language, usage of Yoruba words and proverbs. African literature, especially poetry can be considered as the byproduct of Africa’s historical experiences. It encourages the dynamic cultural varieties prevailed in African society. The usage of traditional African literary and musical elements that are attractive to ordinary people evokes cultural associations among the readers. The paper discusses the use of indigenous Yoruba concepts found in the texts.

Modern technologies in general have had a significant impact on the universe in our quickly expanding globe. To produce diverse automobile subassemblies utilizing 3D printing technologies, additive manufacturing is the recommended technology. The manufacturing parts for automobiles are produced using 3D printing, an environmentally friendly method of layer-by-layer material deposition. The goal of this paper is to use a survey approach to gather information about additive manufacturing for automotive parts from a variety of well regarded indexed journals. Additionally, a brief explanation of the various techniques for carrying out 3D printing procedures for vehicle parts, likewise examining the relative merits of several techniques in terms of price, accuracy, and surface quality. Choosing the best inexpensive approach based on price and other factors.

Education plays a pivotal role in producing qualified human power that accelerates economic development and solves the real problems of a community in particular and the society in general. Students are also expected to spend much of their time on their education and need to graduate with good academic results. However, the trend of graduating students is not proportional to the trend of enrolled students and an increasing number of students seek readmission, suggesting that they did not perform well in their academics. An emotionally intelligent teacher will not only be self-aware but will also demonstrate understanding and empathy towards learners, parents, peers, etc. He also knows well how to manage the teaching-learning process more successfully. Several research studies have shown that emotionally intelligent members of faculty have many and varied skills to more effectively manage the various challenges of daily life. They have a strong influence on students as they encourage growth by spreading a positive atmosphere in the classroom while creating healthy and stimulating environments for learning. They show care for students and create an emotional climate in the classroom that develops the student learning environment and helps the teachers to become more effective to finally ensure academic achievement. Emotional Intelligence (EI) is defined as the ability to understand one’s emotions, manage them, and understand and effectively manage the emotions of others. An attempt is made in this research-based paper to examine the impact of EI on AP of teachers working in Autonomous Colleges in the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad.

This study is separated into two main sections for easier comprehension and reading. The study describes the idea of consumer behavior in online purchasing in the first section. The second section reveals the history of the study that explains online shopping. We used a descriptive research design for this investigation. The research strategy was selected in order to maximize the reliability of the data collected. An approximate sample size of 80 respondents was used by the study's researcher. A sampling survey was used to gather primary data. The information was gathered from 80 respondents in the Villupuram area who were chosen among internet buyers. Based on the study it is concluded that online buyer in the Villupuram District are generally more satisfied with online shopping than they are with visiting physical businesses. The study found that a small amount of the population is uninformed of internet shopping and doesn't utilize it, despite the fact that the majority of people are familiar with it.