Research Contribution and Achievement The academic & business conference acknowledges those participants and organizations that have remarkably added to the value to scientific and technology communities. Awards provide an opportunity to the participants like outstanding researchers, exceptional graduates or early academicians and organizations to showcase their best research and projects to the world related to the conference theme. It also recognizes who have collectively made unique and significant contributions to the scientific community related to the conference theme. It also provide platform to professional networking with researchers of similar interest from others part of the world and also encourage the participants in taking active part in the International Science and Technology platform to enhance their skills and knowledgebase. CALL FOR NOMINATIONS

Expert Level This Expert Level Scientific Award is given to the renowned scientific personnel who have contributed their services with a passion, dedication and commitment for the human development and distinguished experts who have made significant, sustained and continuing contributions in the field of Glycobiology. It is considered as the most esteemed award of the entire conference. His/her contribution could be long-term, cumulative or single, particularly insightful, innovative, applicable, or interpreted ideas. This prestigious award could be given for the nominee who had demonstrated significant, independent contribution in their selected area of research with a min of 20+years of experience in Glycobiology and productively engaged in respective leading edge technology. The achiever of the award must have completed MD or PhD, or equivalent. The recognition of the award will be taking into consideration for the independence of thought, originality and significance of discovery, and impact on his/her area of research. Eligible candidates can upload their Research Portfolios online with their latest 10 publications, landmarks obtained during their research. to the field, and are supported by compelling visual and textual evidence. The nominee(s) may work in any type of organization: corporate, government, nonprofit, or academic background who have completed/submitted his/ her PhD thesis in the field of Glycobiology research. Eligible candidates can upload their Research Portfolios online with their last few publications, landmarks reached during their research. Women Scientist

Expert Level This Expert Level Scientific Award is given to the renowned scientific personnel who have contributed their services with a passion, dedication and commitment for the human development and distinguished experts who have made significant, sustained and continuing contributions in the field of Mechanical and Aerospace. It is considered as the most esteemed award of the entire conference. His/Her contribution could be long-term, cumulative or single, particularly insightful, experimental, applicable, or interpreted ideas. This prestigious award could be given for the nominee who had demonstrated significant, independent contribution in their selected area of research with a min of 20+years of experience in Aerospace technology and productively engaged in respective leading edge technology. The achiever of the award must have completed MD or PhD, or equivalent. The recognition of the award will be taking into consideration for the independence of thought, originality and significance of discovery, and impact on his/her area of research. Eligible nominees can upload their Research Portfolios online with their latest 10 publications, landmarks obtained during their research. Scholar Level The Scholar Level Researcher Award recognizes innovative contributions grounded in relevant research field that raise important research questions, offer original contributions to the field, and are supported by compelling visual and textual evidence. The nominee(s) may work in any type of organization: corporate, government, nonprofit, or academic background who have completed/submitted his/her PhD thesis in the field of Aerospace research. Eligible nominees can upload their Research Portfolios online with their last few publications, landmarks reached during their research. Women Scientist Women Scientist Award highlights major contributions by Female scientists/researchers to Aerospace research. The pursuits of the award are inspiring role models for the future generations of women in science. The nominee must be recognized internationally for outstanding contributions in the field of Aerospace research. The nominee(s) may work in any type of organization: corporate, government, nonprofit, or academic with 10+ years of experience in the field of Aerospace research. Eligible nominees can upload their Research Portfolios online with their last few publications, landmarks reached during their research.

Good oral health helps to minimize any etiologic agents of disease in the mouth. WHO pointed that the global problem of oral disease still persists despite great improvements in the oral health of population in several countries. WHO claimed that poor oral health may have a profound effect on general health as well as quality of life, and several oral diseases are related to chronic diseases (Petersen et al. 2005). There is great need to encourage good oral health in children hence this study was carried out. The aim was to study the occurrence of tooth infection among primary school children in Ado-Ekiti. Tooth swab samples were collected from 60 primary school children between aged 5-10 after obtaining informed consent from their parents. Samples were cultured and colonies formed were identified morphologically and biochemically characterized. Drug resistance profile was determined using different antibiotics. Forty one children were found with different bacteria on their teeth. The bacteria isolated were Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Streptococcus mitis. Majority of the organisms showed that they were mostly multi-drug resistant strains. Cefuroxime is the best drug of choice to treat Gram negative organisms that cause tooth infection; it has 100% success on the gram negative organisms isolated.

The sanitary workers are more prone to increased risk for several airway symptoms, chronic bronchitis and pneumonitis. Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are more prevalent and one of the major causes of death in developing countries. Respiratory tract contains a number of distinct ecosystems, each with its unique microbial flora. The present study was to determine the microbial profile and its antibiotic susceptibility in lower respiratory tract (LRT) of sanitary workers. Seventy nine respiratory samples from LRT of sanitary workers were analyzed. Differential and selective media were used for the identification of bacterial isolates of LRT. Antibiotic susceptibility test has been done to identify the sensitivity of predominant bacterial isolates. Among the isolated organisms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcu aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus pneumonia (S. pneumoniae), Beta heamolytic Streptococci and Klebsiella were found to be more prevalent. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial isolates of LRTI includes S. aureus and P. aeruginosa shows significantly higher resistance to the antibiotics. Clinical and bacteriological efficacy and its broad spectrum antibiotics of LRTI may be of assistance to find new era of prevention and treatment. Keywords: LRTI, sanitary workers, antibiotics, resistance, susceptibility. INTRODUCTION

The study was carried out to isolate and identify the common Bacteria causing respiratory tract infections among patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital between August and October, 2011, and the current sensitivity patterns of the isolated bacteria to common commercially antibiotic prepared disc. Fourty three (43) bacterial pathogens were isolated from two hundred (200) samples collected. Streptococcus pneumoniae (25.6%) has the highest percentage of occurrence, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.9%), Escherichia coli (20.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus, (16.3%) respectively. Others include Proteus species (4.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.7%), Haemophilus influenzae (4.7%) and Serratia species (2.3%) as well. Age ranges 20 – 29 and 30 – 39 have the highest percentage of pathogens isolated. The sensitivity patterns of the isolated bacteria to commercially antibiotic prepared disc indicated that drugs likes Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidine, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Gentamicin and Chloramphenicol shows activity on all the pathogens isolated. Keywords: Isolate, Bacteria, Respiratory tract infections, sensitivity, antibiotic. ABSTRACT

Though the government of Niger opted in 1975 for a policy of improving the dairy capability of the Azawak zebu cows, the national level of dairy production satisfies only 50% of population needs. Several reasons may explain this shortage, including the prevalence of mastitis. The purpose of this research was (i) to study the prevalence of mastitis at the Sahelian experimental station in Toukounous; (ii) to identify the bacterial species responsible; and (iii) to type the Staphylococcus (S.) aureus isolates. Two hundred and sixty-five cows were tested using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and the 112 CMT-positive milk samples (10.6%) from 104 cows (39.2%) were further tested for bacterial growth. Fifty-one of them (45.5%) gave a positive growth: half of the isolated bacteria belonged to the genus Staphylococcus and 23 (41.8%), to the species S. aureus. The majority of the S. aureus isolates belonged to the bovine biotype, formed biofilms, produced Small Colony Variants, grouped into closely related virulotypes, and belonged to two closely related pulsotypes. In conclusion, (i) the prevalence of presumptive mastitis in Toukounous is 40%; (ii) the genus Staphylococcus is the most frequent; and (ii) the 23 S. aureus isolates are closely related, though not clonal. a Bactériologie, Département des Maladies infectieuses, Faculté de Médecine vétérinaire, Université de Liège, Sart- Tilman, Bât 43a, B-4000 Liège, Belgium b Ecole Inter-Etat des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires - Service de Microbiologie, Immunologie et Pathologie infectieuse, BP 5077, Dakar, Senegal c Ecole Nationale de Santé Publique de Niamey, BP 290, Niamey, Niger d Biostatistique, Bioinformatique, Economie, Sélection animale, Département des Productions animales, Faculté de Médecine vétérinaire, Université de Liège, Sart-Tilman, Bât 43a, B-4000 Liège, Belgium

2 Dept of Physics, A.N. College, Patna 800013, India 3 University Dept of Botany, Patna University, Patna 800003, India 4 Dept of Zoology, A. College, Patna 800013, India Bacillus megaterium isolated from fluvial zone of North Bihar has been used for the extracellular synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) viz silver, lead and cadmium. The synthesized nanoparticles got accumulated on the surface of the cell wall of bacteria. Bacillus megaterium was grown aerobically and the cultures were challenged with the solutions of silver nitrate, lead nitrate and cadmium nitrate in requisite ambience of laboratory. Cell lysate obtained, after the centrifugation of cultures were characterized through optical absorption by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Micrography (TEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). These nanoparticles of Ag, Pb and Cd showed absorption peaks at ~ 435 nm, ~ 330 nm and ~ 410 nm respectively corresponding to the plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), cadmium nanoparticles (CdNPs) and lead nanoparticles (PbNPs). XRD Spectrum of these nanoparticles confirmed the formation of Ag, PbS and CdS particles by showing their respective characteristic peaks. TEM showed the production of these metal nanoparticles with particle size in the range of 10- 20 nm.

Abstract Monitoring of the quality of water and applying corrective measures to polluted water before drinking are some of the very important aspects in controlling and managing the water quality. The microbiological quality of drinking water may deteriorate during transportation in mains and in distribution network. The deterioration may be due either to regrowth of bacteria in the water supply systems or during storage in reservoirs, where water is often handled hygienically. To examine the sanitary indicator bacteria for the different sites of water sources and water storage reservoirs, forty eight water samples were collected from different sources (dug wells, cement reservoirs, surface water and household containers) during the period April to September 2009 in a sequence of two samples per month for each source. Samples were delivered to the microbiology laboratory within a maximum of six hours of their collection. Membrane filtration technique was used for counting total coliform, faecal coliform and faecal streptococci. The results showed that extremely high levels of total coliform were detected at each sample location compared to other faecal pollution indicators and total bacterial counts for all samples showed positive results in the four examined sources, concerning the seasonality high counts were observed in April, May and June except for household containers, which registered low count for the six months of examinations. These results suggest faecal pollution of the water sources, and imply that these water sources pose a serious health risk to consumers. Keywords: Dug wells, cement reservoirs, surface water, household containers, Membrane filtration, faecal coliform and faecal streptococci.

The objective of this study was to determine the bacteriological quality and safety of green pepper (Capsicum annuum) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown along Abay river of Bahir Dar town, Ethiopia. The mean aerobic mesophilic counts from tomato and green pepper were 4.72 and 5.01 respectively. The mean total coliform counts from tomato was 234.9 MPN/g and green pepper 303.2 MPN/g. Similarly, the mean fecal coliform counts of tomato was 45.08 MPN/g and 58.1MPN/g from green pepper. The mean bacterial counts of green pepper were higher than tomato vegetables. Moreover, 5 (8.3%) Salmonella, 3 (5%) Shigella spp. and 6 (10%) E. coli spp. were isolated from tomato; and 6 (10%) Salmonella, 5 (8.3%) Shigella and 9 (15%) E. coli spp. were detected from green pepper samples. The mean total coliform counts from Bezawit were 1040 MPN/100ml and 711.67MPN/100ml Gudguad site. Similarly, the mean fecal coliform counts of Bezawit was 689.67MPN/100ml and 390.00MPN/100ml from Gudguad. In both sites, lack of awareness and poor irrigation practice promote the probability of vegetable contamination. Therefore, keeping the irrigation practice of irrigated vegetable and providing regular training for farmers are some of the practices to improve bacteriological quality, safety and shelf- life of vegetables and their products. Keywords: Tomato, green pepper, Abay river water, Irrigation practice, Bacterial quality ABSTRACT

The knowledge of bioinformatics tools is essential to investigate the molecular basis of complex diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aims of this study were select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of candidate genes and elaborate genotyping strategies of T2DM using bioinformatics tools. The genes were selected searching in PubMed/NCBI for articles published from 2007 to 2011 involving T2DM studies. Interactions among the selected genes were studied using the software Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). SNPs with frequencies higher than 10% were chose according data available at dbSNP/NCBI. Genotyping strategies were based on TaqMan® real-time PCR, PCR-RFLP and sequencing methods, in this order of priority. Primers, probes or enzymes for genotyping strategies were determined using websites and free software. Among the 56 selected genes by PubMed/NCBI research, 32 and 7 were direct and indirectly associated with T2DM, respectively. Five genes were selected to elaborate the genotyping strategies, ADCY5, AGER, IRS2, KCNQ1 and PREX1, for each gene were possible to select 7, 10, 9, 9 and 11 SNPs, respectively. It was possible to select primers and probes for TaqMan® real time-PCR in 65.2% (30/46) of the SNPs selected. Seven of the sixteen SNPs remaining (43.8 %) were viable to genotype by PCR-RFLP, the second strategy. The others nine SNPs were test by third option and just one of them could not be genotype by pyrosequencing, following for the last strategy by Sanger conventional sequencing. In conclusion, this study shows that bioinformatics tools allow the development of a set of genotype strategies for application in future gene candidate association studies for T2DM. 1 Faculty of Pharmacy, University Federal of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. 2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT