Dietary diversification is one of the strategies to address nutrient deficiencies. The study modified eight diets for children aged 6-23 months in order to improve diversify; vitamin A content and its bio- accessibility. All samples were analysed in triplicates. Three carotenes; all-trans α-carotene, 13-cis-β- carotene and all-trans β-carotene were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Bio- accessibility was assessed using invitro bio-accessibility model in three phases; simulated gastrointestinal system oral, gastric and intestinal. The analysed provitamin A Carotenoids (pVACs) were converted into ‘Retinol Activity Equivalents’ (RAE), and determined total RAE of the modified diets ranged from 8.8 to 137.4 µg/100g, and after in-vitro digestion ranged from 0.87 to 13.3µg/100g. The bio- accessibility of pVACs ranged from 12.2% to 33.6%. In cooked food, pumpkin fruit contributed high amount of provitamin A followed by palm oil, ‘Bira’ and amaranths. ‘Bira’ banana variety contributed high pVACs than local ‘Nshakala’ banana variety. pVACs from pumpkins leaves were more accessible than those from amaranths and red palm oil fruit. Our results suggests that when carrying out interventions to improve diets, it is very important to take into account the estimation of dietary source of vitamin A and pVCAs and their bio-accessibility to meet nutritional requirements for vitamin A.

2Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Rani Anna Government Arts College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract - With a lot of clinical information produced regularly, efficient methods have to be used to unearth significant data. Securing the information from the unapproved clients is also a major task to be achieved. Though lot of research has been carried out in these areas separately, a Hybrid architecture which combines both the features - efficiency and security is not widely found. The proposed architecture has been built taking these aspects into consideration. A proficient strategy for cross breed information mining method is applied here which incorporates the combination of Navie Bayesian classifier and Homomorphic encryption calculation.

The average human age is currently 75 years, which could increase up to 85 in the coming decades. It is not clearly known if and how these additional years will be adequately satisfying and healthful. The objective was to delineate most verified insights into aging physiology in humans in serving the public awareness and public education policy-making programs. Data suggest gains in the number of healthy years but also compromised physical, mental, and social functions. Decreased oxidative capacity of aged skeletal muscle is due to impaired mitochondrial function and lowered electron transport chain complex activities. Aging coincides with reduced endocrinological functions. Diet restrictions may elongate lifespan while retarding the occurrence of age-related pathologic alterations. Immune function in the elderly may be restored by practical interventions such as vaccination. Alzheimer’s disease may in part stem from poor nutritional habits at younger ages, especially with the intake of antioxidants- poor foods. Insights into mental disorders of aging are highly inadequate, thus needing novel innovative hypotheses and future experiments.

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2Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, 120 Main Street East, Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada, N0P 2C0 Topramezone and mesotrione are two 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibiting herbicides used for broadleaf weed control in maize ( Zea mays L.). Limited research has been reported on these herbicides for the control of annual grasses. Controlled environment experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of topramezone (12.5 g ai ha -1) and mesotrione (100 g ai ha-1) on thirteen annual grass species at two development stages (2- to 3-leaf and 5- to 6-leaf). Topramezone provided consistent control of Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. (barnyard grass), Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. (yellow foxtail), Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. (green foxtail), Setaria faberi Herrm. (giant foxtail), Panicum miliaceum L. (wild-proso millet), Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fern. (longspine sandbur), and Panicum capillare L. (witchgrass) at both growth stages. Mesotrione provided consistent control of Echinochloa crus-galli, Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. Ex Muhl. (smooth crabgrass), Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. (large crabgrass), and Panicum miliaceum at both growth stages. Both herbicides suppressed Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. (fall panicum), but mesotrione also suppressed Setaria glauca , Cenchrus longispinus , Panicum capillare , and Bromus tectorum L. (downy brome). Topramezone provided poor control of Bromus tectorum and Avena fatua L. (wild oat), and mesotrione provided poor control of Avena fatua, Setaria faberi, and Setaria viridis at both growth stages. Increasing the growth stage of annual grasses generally did not alter the level of control by either herbicide. However, the control level of Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign. Ex Janchen (stinkgrass) decreased from control to suppression with increasing growth stage with both topramezone and mesotrione. A similar decrease in the level of control was observed with topramezone on Digitaria ischaemum. Based upon the control levels determined from this research, weed management practitioners can select the appropriate herbicide for annual grass control in individual fields.

Pure squamous cell carcinoma of breast are exceedingly rare neoplasm with an incidence of 0.1 % to 0.01 % of all breast carcinoma, the incidence of lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma is still very unusual. This is a case report of a squamous cell carcinoma with lymph node metastasis in a 65 years old female presenting with breast lump. Mammography revealed a lobulated breast mass for which modified radical mastectomy with axillary clearance was done histopathological examination revealed a pure squamous cell carcinoma with metastasis in lymph nodes.